The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) on Friday demonstrated the autonomous landing of its Pushpak 'Viman', a reusable launch vehicle (RLV) -- RLV LEX-02 landing experiment -- which has also been dubbed as space shuttle. This is the second of the series conducted at Aeronautical Test Range, Chitradurga, in Karnataka at 7.10 AM.
After the RLV-LEX-01 mission was accomplished last year, RLV-LEX-02 demonstrated the autonomous landing capability of reusable launch vehicle (RLV) from off-nominal initial conditions at release from helicopter.
"The RLV was made to undertake more difficult maneuvers with dispersions, correct both cross-range and downrange and land on the runway in a fully autonomous mode," it said.
The winged vehicle, called Pushpak, was lifted by an Indian Air Force Chinook helicopter and was dropped from 4.5 km altitude.
After release at a distance of 4 km from the runway, Pushpak autonomously approached the runway along with cross-range corrections.
It landed precisely on the runway and came to a halt using its brake parachute, landing gear brakes and nose wheel steering system, ISRO said.
It added that this mission successfully simulated the approach and high-speed landing conditions of RLV returning from space.
"With this second mission, ISRO has re-validated the indigenously developed technologies in the areas of navigation, control systems, landing gear and deceleration systems essential for performing a high-speed autonomous landing of a space-returning vehicle," the space agency said.
The winged body and all flight systems used in RLV-LEX-01 were reused in the RLV-LEX-02 mission after due certification/ clearances. Hence, reuse capability of flight hardware and flight systems is also demonstrated in this mission, ISRO said.
Based on the observation from RLV-LEX-01, the airframe structure and landing gear were strengthened to tolerate higher landing loads, it said.
The mission was accomplished by Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC) along with the Liquid Propulsion System Centre (LPSC) and the ISRO Inertial Systems Unit (IISU).
ISRO chairman S Somanath congratulated the team for the flawless execution of this complex mission.
On the success of the landing experiment, VSSC Director Dr S Unnikrishnan Nair said through this repeated success, ISRO could master the terminal phase maneuvering, landing and energy management in a fully autonomous mode, which is a critical step towards the future.
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