Nearly a day after Russia's most touted lunar mission crashed into the moon, the Russian space chief blamed decades of inactivity for the Luna-25 lander's crash. The space agency on Monday said that the Luna-25 spacecraft crashed after its engines failed to shut down correctly, and he blamed the country's decades-long pause in lunar exploration for the mishap.
The pilotless Luna-25 had been scheduled to land on Monday while aiming to become the first spacecraft to touch down on the south pole of the moon, an area where scientists believe important reserves of frozen water and precious elements may exist.
Did not shut down properly: Scientist
Roscosmos Director General Yury Borisov said the spacecraft's engines were turned on over the weekend to put Luna-25 into a “pre-landing orbit" but did not shut down properly, plunging the lander onto the moon. “Instead of the planned 84 seconds, it worked for 127 seconds. This was the main reason for the emergency,” Borisov told the Russian state news channel Russia 24.
Roscosmos had contact with the spacecraft until 2:57 pm local time on Saturday when communication was lost and “the device passed into an open lunar orbit and crashed into the surface of the moon,” he said. The lunar mission was Russia's first since 1976, when it was part of the Soviet Union. Only three countries have managed successful moon landings: the Soviet Union, the United States and China.
“The negative experience of interrupting the lunar program for almost 50 years is the main reason for the failures,” Borisov said, adding “it would be the worst decision ever” for Russia to end the program now. The Luna-25 was in a race with an Indian spacecraft launched on July 14 to be the first to reach the South Pole. Both were expected to reach the moon between August 21 and August 23.
Russia's race against India's lunar mission
A previous Indian attempt to land at the moon's south pole in 2019 ended when the spacecraft crashed into the moon's surface.
Luna-25 launched from the Vostochny Cosmodrome in Russia's Far East on August 10. The spaceport is a pet project of Russian President Vladimir Putin and is key to his efforts to make Russia a space superpower. Before the launch, Roscosmos said it wanted to show Russia “is a state capable of delivering a payload to the moon,” and “ensure Russia's guaranteed access to the moon's surface.” Following the crash, the Russian space agency said the moon mission was about ensuring long-term “defence capability” as well as “technological sovereignty.”
“The race to develop the moon's natural resources has begun,” Borisov said Monday. “In the future, the moon will become an ideal platform for the exploration of deep space.”
Sanctions imposed on Russia since it launched a war in Ukraine nearly 18 months ago have affected its space programme, making it more difficult to access Western technology. The Luna-25 was initially meant to carry a small moon rover, but the idea was abandoned to reduce the weight of the craft for improved reliability, analysts said.
The lunar south pole is of particular interest to scientists, who believe the permanently shadowed polar craters may contain frozen water in the rocks that future explorers could transform into air and rocket fuel.
Russian scientist who worked for moon mission rushed to hospital
Meanwhile, a leading physicist and astronomer who served as a key consultant in the now "failed" moon mission, was hospitalised in Moscow soon after the spacecraft crashed, the Independent reported.
Mikhail Marov, 90, was rushed to hospital following a “sharp deterioration” in his health after the Luna-25 spacecraft spun out of control and crashed into the moon.
"It is so sad that it was not possible to land the apparatus," he said after the failure of Luna-25 was announced.
(With inputs from AP)
