8. Blood banks were developed during WW1
The British Army began the routine use of blood transfusion in treating wounded soldiers. Blood was transferred directly from one person to another.
A US Army doctor, Captain Oswald Robertson, established the first blood bank on the Western Front in 1917. Blood was kept on ice for up to 28 days and then transported to casualty clearing stations for use in life-saving surgery where it was needed most.
Soldiers living in the pathetic conditions of the WWI were susceptible to a range of infections, including typhus fever carried by lice.
The treatment of so-called trench fever extended our understanding of how to break the spread of such infections, with the more hygienic practises adopted in First World War base hospitals helping to structure modern approaches.
Developments in wound shock treatment in the First World War - from the use of saline, through direct donor-to-patient blood transfusion and the development of techniques to store blood - have helped shape much of modern practise.