UN summit on critical threats to wildlife begins
Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Monday inaugurated the thirteenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS COP13) with the presence of over 2,500 delegates from 111 countries in Gandhinagar. Modi opened it through video conference, the first time the head of government hosting the CMS conference has opened a CMS COP, marking the importance of migratory species in India.
The conference kicks off 'the super year' for nature, which will include a UN Summit in September and culminate in the UN Biodiversity Conference at the end of 2020, when a new global biodiversity strategy for the next decade will be adopted -- the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework.
It will be attended by several heads of UN treaties that deal with nature, as well as CMS Ambassadors and celebrities. The concept of 'ecological connectivity' is the top CMS priority for the Post-2020 Framework, which calls for the protection and restoration of important geographical areas that together support migratory species during the different phases of their natural lifecycles, such as breeding and feeding.
Deliberations at the CMS COP13 will focus on how best to protect migratory species in a rapidly changing world. The UN Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity released in May 2019 (IPBES Report) found that "we are in danger of losing one million species to extinction, including migratory species, if we do not step up our actions".
A new report to be released at CMS COP13 indicates that despite some success stories, the populations of most migratory species covered by CMS are declining. International cooperation is required to protect migratory species and their habitats, which is reflected in the COP13 theme: "Migratory species connect the planet -- together we welcome them home".
Migratory species bring multiple benefits to humans.For example, migratory species provide seed dispersal, pollination, pest control and other ecosystem services and functions. They also provide major economic benefits and jobs, for instance, through tourism.
CMS Executive Secretary Amy Fraenkel said in a statement: "COP13 comes at a critical time for wildlife conservation, with continued downward trends of habitat loss and species decline. The Convention on Migratory Species is the only multilateral treaty dedicated to addressing the needs of migratory species and their habitats on a global scale.'
"The conference will set in motion actions needed to better protect migratory species that rely on multilateral cooperation for their survival."Minister of Environment Prakash Javadekar said: "CMS is very important to India. The Convention is at an exciting moment of development and the COP in India will mark the start of increased attention to migratory species and their habitats."
"Migratory birds, mammals and aquatic species are increasingly in danger on their migration routes and countries need to work together to protect them. For India, caring about these species is part of our ethos to protect all animals and natural life on earth. India is very happy to host CMS COP13."
Joyce Msuya, Deputy Executive Director at the UN Environment Programme said: "As we face the unprecedented crisis of species loss, 2020 is an important year to step up action to conserve species, protect ecosystems and make meaningful progress towards achieving the sustainable development goals."
"We must seize every opportunity we have, and the CMS COP is critical milestone in enabling biodiversity to flourish on this planet." CMS COP13 will add new species for protection under CMS and also address emerging issues and threats.
They include: Ten new species are expected to be added to CMS, including the Asian elephant, the jaguar and the great Indian bustard -- which is the mascot of COP13.
These include proposed additions to Appendix I, which provides the strictest protections, for the Asian elephant, jaguar, great Indian bustard, Bengal florican, little bustard, antipodean Albatross and the oceanic white-tip shark.
And the urial, a wild sheep, smooth hammerhead shark and the tope shark have been proposed for Appendix II, which covers migratory species that have unfavourable conservation status and that would benefit from enhanced international cooperation and conservation actions.
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