Vedas were preserved for more than 5000 years without the help of printing technology. This was done by reciting and memorizing all the hymns and through Teacher-Disciple tradition (Guru-Shishya Parampara).
It was the German scholar Maxmueller who visited Varanasi and other holy places, listened to the exact rendering of hymns of all the four Vedas, with the help of Hindu priests, and put them in print, for the world to read and ponder over.
