Director of the National Centre for Seismology OP Mishra explained how three pre-shocks spread over 10 days ahead of the 6.3-magnitude earthquake that struck Nepal on November 9 helped avert a bigger tragedy in the Himalayan region bordering Pithoragarh in Uttarakhand.
Three earthquakes created panic in India-Nepal
Three earthquakes – a 4.1 magnitude temblor at 9.11 am on October 30 and two on November 8 of 3.
5 magnitude and 4.9 magnitude – helped release a lot of accumulated stress in the seismologically-active Himalayan region, Mishra told PTI.
He said all the earthquakes had their epicentre about 90 km east-southeast of Pithoragarh in Nepal between the South Almora Thrust and the North Almora Thrust and the shockwaves travelled towards Delhi along the Moradabad fault.
Smaller quakes cause leakage of stress
"The biggest safety point of Himalayan region is that smaller quakes keep on happening and there is leakage of stress," said Mishra, who carried out a study of the recent earthquakes in the region.
He said the release of stress by the three pre-shocks also ensured that the after-shocks of the 6.3 magnitude temblor did not cause much damage.
"Also, the after-shocks were fewer in number. Had the three pre-shocks not happened, there could have been a series of aftershocks," Mishra said.
The 6.3 magnitude earthquake was followed by four aftershocks – two on November 9 at 3:15 am (3.6 magnitude) and at 6:27 am (4.3 magnitude).Another 3.6 magnitude quake occurred in the region at 4:58 am on November 10.
The 5.4 magnitude earthquake at 7:57 pm on November 12 was also an aftershock of the 6.3 magnitude temblor of November 9 and its impact was also felt in the national capital region.
Four major earthquakes were recorded in the Himalayan region over the past 150 years, including the tremors in Shillong in 1897, in Kangra in 1905, in Bihar-Nepal in 1934 and in Assam in 1950.
An earthquake occurred in Uttarkashi in 1991 followed by one in Chamoli in 1999 and one in Nepal in 2015.
(With PTI input)
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