Air quality in Delhi was recorded 'poor' on Monday as the national capital woke up to a thick blanket of smog. Smoke from crop residue burning from neighbouring states has started reaching Delhi and which has lead to the deterioration of the air quality. This comes days before strict measures to fight air pollution come into force under the Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP).
On Monday, the air quality in Delhi touched the 239-mark in several areas including Jahagirpuri, Punjabi Bagh and Wazirpur. On Sunday, the overall Air Quality Index (AQI) in Delhi touched the 301 mark by 10 pm.
Earlier, the air quality had deteriorated in some parts of the city, but during the night it plunged to the "very poor" category in all the parts of the national capital.
An AQI between 0 and 50 is considered 'good', 51 and 100 'satisfactory', 101 and 200 'moderate', 201 and 300 'poor', 301 and 400 'very poor', and 401 and 500 'severe'.
Meanwhile, the Centre-run System of Air Quality and Weather Forecasting and Research (SAFAR) issued a health advisory, asking people to reduce heavy exertion.
"People with heart or kind diseases and children should avoid longer and heavy exertion. Everyone may experience health effects. Significant increase in respiratory problems," it said.
SAFAR said smoke from stubble burning will make up to six per cent of Delhi's pollution by October 15, when GRAP comes into force in the Delhi-NCR region.
Prepared by the Central Pollution Control Board, GRAP lists various actions to be taken according to the severity of pollution.
The 10-member task force on the GRAP had on Friday held a meeting on the stubble burning incidents reported from Punjab and Haryana, and its likely impact on Delhi-NCR's air quality.
VK Soni, a senior scientist at the India Meteorological Department, who attended the meeting, said winds are calm due to monsoon withdrawal, leading to low dispersion of pollutants.
Also, wind direction has changed to west and northwest, he said.
Westerly and northwesterly winds bring dust from western regions and smoke caused by burning of crop residue in neighbouring Punjab and Haryana to Delhi-NCR.
Though Haryana has reported a slight decrease in the number of stubble burning incidents, Punjab has reported a massive increase of 45 per cent in such cases till October 11, according to data of pollution control boards of the two states.
Despite a ban on stubble burning in Punjab and Haryana, farmers continue to defy it amid a lack of financial incentives.
State governments are providing 50 to 80 per cent subsidy to farmers and cooperative societies to buy modern farm equipment for in-situ management of paddy straw and running a massive awareness campaign against stubble burning.
Starting October 15, stricter measures to fight air pollution will come into force in Delhi and its neighbourhood as part of the Graded Response Action Plan, which was first implemented in Delhi-NCR in 2017.
These measures include increasing bus and metro services, hiking parking fees and stopping the use of diesel generator sets when the air quality turns "poor".
When the situation turns "severe", GRAP recommends closure of brick kilns, stone crushers and hot mix plants, sprinkling of water, frequent mechanised cleaning of roads and maximising power generation from natural gas.
The measures to be followed in the "emergency" situation include stopping the entry of trucks in Delhi, ban on construction activities and introduction of the odd-even car rationing scheme.
(With inputs from PTI)
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