Volkswagen AG's smog-test scandal escalated on Tuesday as the company acknowledged putting stealth software in millions of vehicles worldwide. The crisis has already cost VW more than 24 billion euros in market value.
The world's top-selling carmaker now admits that 11 million of its diesel vehicles contain software that evades emissions controls, far more than the 482,000 cars identified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as violating clean air laws.
Volkswagen set aside an initial 6.5 billion euros to cover the fallout and “win back the trust” of customers. It also said this year's profit projections will change, and warned that future costs remain undetermined.
CEO Martin Winterkorn apologized for the deception under his leadership and pledged a fast and thorough investigation, but gave no indication that he might resign. Meanwhile, Volkswagen's ordinary shares fell another 20 percent Tuesday, to close at 111.20 euros.
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“Millions of people across the world trust our brands, our cars and our technologies,” Mr. Winterkorn said Tuesday in a video message. “I am endlessly sorry that we have disappointed this trust. I apologize in every way to our customers, to authorities and the whole public for the wrongdoing.”
“We are asking, I am asking for your trust on our way forward,” he said.
That may be a tall order for people who bought “clean diesel” VWs believing they could get peppy rides but still be environmentally friendly.
VW has yet to explain who installed the software, under what direction, and why.
“I do not have the answers to all the questions at this point myself, but we are in the process of clearing up the background relentlessly,” Mr. Winterkorn said.
The EPA said on Friday that VW faces potential fines of $37,500 per vehicle, and that anyone found personally responsible is subject to $3,750 per violation.
In theory, the penalties could total $18 billion or more, although companies rarely pay maximum fines in the U.S.
Volkswagen blamed unrelated issues for more than a year while the EPA and California regulators asked why its cars were running much dirtier on the road. The agencies refused to approve 2016 models without an answer.
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Only then did VW acknowledge that software switches its engines to a cleaner mode during official emissions testing. The “defeat device” then switches off again, giving the cars more power while emitting as much as 40 times the legal pollution limit during actual driving, the EPA said.
“Let's be clear about this. Our company was dishonest. With the EPA, and the California Air Resources Board, and with all of you. And in my German words, we have totally screwed up,” the head of Volkswagen's U.S. division, Michael Horn, said on Monday while unveiling a new Passat model in New York.
Across the sector, investors wondered how far this scandal could grow. Germany's Daimler AG, the maker of Mercedes-Benz cars, was down 7 percent Tuesday, while BMW AG fell 6 percent. France's Renault SA was 7.1 percent lower.
“Brands are all about trust and it takes years and years to develop. But in the space of 24 hours, Volkswagen has gone from one people could trust to one people don't know what to think of,” said Nigel Currie, an independent U.K-based branding consultant.
Volkswagen's stock plunged again on Tuesday after the company said similar “discrepancies” in Type EA 189 engines involve some 11 million vehicles worldwide more than the 10 million or so cars it sold last year.
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It also said new vehicles with EU 6 diesel engines currently on sale in the European Union comply with legal requirements and environmental standards.
Mr. Winterkorn became CEO in 2007. The software was installed starting with 2009 models. He was looking forward to getting a two—year contract extension, keeping him in charge through 2018, at the company's regular board meeting on Friday. Some board members reportedly planned a crisis meeting Wednesday.
Other authorities looking into VW's actions include Germany, where the transport minister announced a commission of inquiry to determine whether VW's diesel vehicles comply with German and European rules; the French government, which demanded that its automakers “ensure that no such actions are taking place in France,” the South Korean government and the European Commission. The U.S. Justice Department is involved, and New York's attorney general also announced a multi—state investigation on Tuesday.
