Researchers have found a serious vulnerability in LTE/4G mobile communication standard that can help hackers impersonate other phone users, take a streaming service subscription at your expense or publish secret company documents under someone else's identity.
The vulnerability -- which affects virtually all mobile phones, tablets and some connected household appliances -- may also hamper investigations of law enforcement agencies because attackers can not only make purchases in the victim's name but can also access websites using the victim's identity.
For example, an attacker can upload secret company documents and to network operators or law enforcement authorities, it would look as if the victim is the perpetrator, said researchers from Ruhr-Universitat Bochum public university.
"An attacker can book services, for example, stream shows, but the owner of the attacked phone would have to pay for them," said Professor Thorsten Holz from Horst Gortz Institute for IT Security.
Only changing the hardware design would mitigate the threat. The team is attempting to close the security gap in the latest mobile communication standard 5G, which is currently rolled out.
"Mobile network operators would have to accept higher costs, as the additional protection generates more data during the transmission. In addition, all mobile phones would have to be replaced and the base station expanded. That is something that will not happen in the near future," said David Rupprecht.
The problem is the lack of integrity protection: data packets are transmitted encrypted between the mobile phone and the base station, which protects the data against eavesdropping. However, it is possible to modify the exchanged data packets.
"We don't know what is wherein the data packet, but we can trigger errors by changing bits from 0 to 1 or from 1 to 0," said Rupprecht.
By provoking such errors in the encrypted data packets, the researchers can make a mobile phone and the base station decrypt or encrypt messages. They not only can convert the encrypted data traffic between the mobile phone and the base station into plain text, but they can also send commands to the mobile phone, which are then encrypted and forwarded to the provider - such as a purchase command for a subscription.
The researchers from Bochum used so-called software-defined radios for the attacks. These devices enable them to relay the communication between a mobile phone and the base station.
Thus, they trick the mobile phone to assume that the software-defined radio is the benign base station; to the real network, in turn, it looks as if the software-defined radio was the mobile phone. For a successful attack, the attacker must be in the vicinity of the victim's mobile phone, said the researchers.
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