Cerebral Palsy is the most common motor disability in childhood. Cerebral means having to do with the brain. Palsy means weakness or problems with using the muscles. It is caused by abnormal brain development or damage to the developing brain that affects a person's ability to control his or her muscles. On World Cerebral Palsy Day, Dr Sheetal Sharda, Director-Clinical Genomics Development and Implementation, Neuberg Centre for Genomic Medicine, has explained why early diagnosis and intervention strategies for Cerebral Palsy (CP) are crucial to improving outcomes for individuals with this condition.
Neonatal Brain Imaging: In some cases, brain imaging techniques like MRI or CT scans can identify brain abnormalities shortly after birth, helping with early diagnosis.
High-Risk Groups: Children born prematurely, with low birth weight, or who experienced birth complications are at a higher risk for Cerebral Palsy and should be closely monitored.
Clinical Assessment: A detailed clinical assessment by a pediatric neurologist or developmental paediatrician is essential. They evaluate muscle tone, reflexes, coordination, and other neurological signs.
Genetic testing: Cerebral palsy is a diagnosis of exclusion and it becomes important to rule out any genetic cause which can give a possible etiology for the diagnosis. A pediatric neurologist and a clinical geneticist consultation can help to understand the implications of a genetic test in understanding the cause of Cerebral Palsy in their child.
Early Intervention Services: If Cerebral Palsy is suspected or diagnosed, early intervention services like physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy should begin as soon as possible. These therapies aim to enhance motor skills, communication, and overall development.
Medications: Medications such as muscle relaxants or botulinum toxin injections may be used to manage spasticity and improve mobility.
Parent and Caregiver Education: Parents and caregivers play a crucial role in a child's development. They should be educated on Cerebral Palsy, therapy exercises, and how to provide a supportive environment.
Ongoing Monitoring: Cerebral Palsy is a lifelong condition, and treatment plans should be regularly reassessed and adjusted to meet the changing needs of the individual.
ALSO READ: World Cerebral Palsy Day 2023: What is it? Know symptoms, causes and treatment of the disease
